Government and Districts

Bali is one of the 26 provinces of Indonesia. Within Bali there are eight kabupatens or districts, which under the Dutch were known as regencies. These are Badung, Gianyar, Bangli, Klungkung, Karangasem, Buleleng, Jembrana, Tabanan. There are now nine districts since the addition of Kotamadya Denpasar. Each district is headed by a government official known as a bupati. The districts are further subdivided into subdistricts called Kecamatan which is headed by a camat, then come the perbekels, the head of a desa (village) and finally, an enormous number of banjars, the local divisions of a village.

Gianyar Regency

The district of Gianyar is the centre of Balinese culture, rich in history and artifacts. Gianyar's history is arguably the most fascinating in Bali. Leaving Denpasar on the way to Ubud, the first village is Batubulan. Famous for its stone carvings, most of the stone sculptures you see around Bali will almost certainly come from Batubulan. These works are exhibited all along the main road. Batubulan also specializes in the Barong dance, which is performed daily here. The dance symbolizes the never-ending battle between good and bad.

Just after Batubulan, Celuk and nearby Singapadu are the centres for the Balinese goldsmiths and silversmiths. The jewelry is exported worldwide. After Celuk the main road heads to Sukawati, which is famous for its art market (pasar seni). Set in a two-floor building, the market sells everything from statues to dance costumes, all at reasonable prices. At night this market is closed, but a night market provides a good selection of Indonesian food. Sukawati village is also a centre for the manual production of the wind chimes you find all over the island.

Further along the road towards Ubud is the village of Mas. Famous for woodcarving, Mas offers a myriad of wooden items. The road through it is lined with craft shops and you are welcome to drop in and see the carvers at work. The Tilem Nyana art shop exhibits the work of Ida Bagus Nyana, one of the great carvers of the thirties.

After Mas, you enter the area of Ubud. Ubud is recognized as the cultural centre of Bali. It is where the image of Bali as a land of artists was created. A former principality, it has several palaces and Brahmin mansions, as well as beautiful houses built in the Gianyar architectural style. The modern Balinese art movement began here when artists first began to abandon purely religious and court scenes for scenes of everyday life. Ubud is home to many respected local and western artists.

The cultural image of Ubud is paramount to the people as it is home to the best art museum in the country. The Puri Lukisan, a Museum of Fine Arts established in the 1950's, displays art from the 1930's and 1950's, as well as fine examples of modern Balinese art.
The Neka Museum has a diverse and interesting collection of mainly modern art. It also includes an excellent and varied display of work by western artists who have resided in Ubud throughout the years.

Ubud is an ideal place to see Balinese dance. Legong, Ramayana, Baris, Kecak, and the Fire Dance, are performed nightly in or around the Ubud area. Ubud gives you the opportunity to see the real Bali. It is a place for leisurely strolls through rice paddies, lush forest, breathtaking gorges, and deserted swimming holes, all within walking distance from the centre of Ubud. You must visit the Monkey Forest - walk along Monkey Forest Road from Ubud, down into a dense forest where you will find a bunch of happy monkeys waiting for passing tourists. A word of warning - the monkeys are happy but just a little naughty, so hold on to your cameras!
Ubud market has kept much of its traditional charm, with squatting Balinese sellers haggling loudly among spices and vegetables. The market also sells handicrafts, many made in the neighbouring villages of Pengosekan, Tegalalang Payangan and Peliatan.

Gianyar has some of the most important archeological sites. The majority are located in the Pejeng are a 4 km from Ubud. It is home to one of South East Asia's oldest artifacts, a huge kettledrum known as the Moon of Pejeng, a relic from the Bronze Age originating from Dongson, Vietnam, and a nearby archeological museum. The village also has two ancient temples, the Pura Pusering Jagat and Pura Kebo Edan.

The road to Pejeng and Gianyar is the site of the Goa Gajah. The Elephant Cave is carved into the rock face and reached by a flight of steps. It probably dates back to the 9-12th centuries and shows elements of both Hindu and Buddhist use. A kilometre from Goa Gajah is Yeh Pulu. After a short walk through rice paddies you will arrive at an ancient rock carving dating from the 14th century. The carving depicts various scenes of everyday life and the figures of the elephant headed Ganesh indicate a close relationship between the two sites.
Still within the district of Gianyar in the central mountains across from Trunyan is the small settlement of Tirta, with its popular hot springs. The springs bubble out and are captured in bathing pools. The water is soothingly hot and is reputed to have powerful healing powers.

Badung, Denpasar, Gianyar, Bangli, Klungkung, Karangasem, Buleleng, Jembrana, Tabanan